In sandy, rock pan and other soils with large earth resistivity, in order to meet the requirements of low grounding resistance, a grounding grid composed

of multiple grounding bodies in parallel is often used. However, sometimes a lot of steel materials are needed and the grounding area is very large, so 

it is often difficult to achieve the required grounding resistance. At this time,we can try to reduce the earth resistivity of the soil near the grounding body,

and also achieve the goal of reducing the grounding resistance.

1. Use low resistivity soil (i.e. soil replacement method)

Clay, peat, black soil and sandy clay are used to replace the original soil with high electrical resistance coefficient, and coke and charcoal can also be 

used if necessary. The replacement range is 1~2m around the grounding electrode and 1/3 of the grounding electrode at the near ground side. After 

such treatment, the grounding resistance can be reduced to about 3/5 of the original value.

2. Artificial treatment such as adding salt

Add salt, coal cinder, carbon dust, furnace ash, coke ash, etc. to the soil around the grounding body to improve the conductivity of the soil.The most 

commonly used is salt. Because salt has a good effect on improving the soil resistance coefficient, it is less subject to seasonal changes,and the price

is low. The treatment method is to dig a pit with a diameter of about 0.5~1.0m around each grounding body, and fill salt and soil into the pit layer by 

layer. Generally, the thickness of salt layer is about 1cm, and the thickness of soil is about 10cm. Each layer of salt should be wetted with water. The 

salt consumption of a tubular grounding body is about 30-40kg; This method can reduce the grounding resistance to the original (1/6-1/8) for sandy 

soil and (2/5-1/3) for sandy clay. If you add about 10kg charcoal, the effect will be better. As charcoal is a solid conductor, it will not be dissolved, 

penetrated and corroded, so its effective time is long. For flat steel, round steel and other parallel grounding bodies, better results can be obtained

by using the above methods. However, this method also has disadvantages, such as little effect on rocks and soil with more rocks; The stability of 

grounding body is reduced; It will accelerate the corrosion of grounding body; The ground resistance will slowly increase due to the gradual melting 

and loss of salt. Therefore, it needs to be treated once about 2 years after manual treatment.

3. External grounding

Especially in hilly areas, when the grounding resistance value is required to be small and difficult to reach in situ, if there is water source or soil with

low resistance coefficient nearby, the place can be used to make grounding electrodes or lay underwater grounding grid. Then, use the grounding 

wire (such as flat steel strip) to connect it as the external grounding. However, it should be noted that the external grounding device should avoid 

the pedestrian channel to prevent electric shock caused by step voltage; When crossing the highway, the buried depth of the external lead shall

be no less than 0.8m.

4. Conductive concrete

Carbon fiber is mixed into cement to be used as grounding electrode. For example, about 100kg of carbon fiber is added into 1m3 of cement to make

a hemispherical (1m in diameter) grounding electrode. Through measurement, its power frequency grounding resistance (compared with ordinary

concrete) can generally be reduced by about 30%. This method is often used for lightning protection and grounding devices. In order to further reduce

the impulse grounding resistance, the needle shaped grounding electrode can also be embedded in the conductive concrete at the same time, so

that the discharge corona can continuously ground wave and carbon fiber from the needle tip, which has an obvious effect on reducing the impulse

grounding resistance.

5. Chemical treatment with drag reducing agent

The resistance reducing agent using carbon powder and quicklime as the main raw materials can be used in the soil for a long time and will not be lost

due to the groundwater because it does not contain dielectric, so it can obtain a long-term pollution-free and stable low grounding resistance (about 1/2

lower than that before using the resistance reducing agent to treat the soil). For hard rock plate zone, the method of burying grounding wire and resistance 

reducing agent is quite effective, and its grounding resistance can be reduced by about 40% compared with that of burying only grounding wire. In addition,

this method can achieve good results as long as powdery resistance reducing agent or long-acting resistance reducing agent is sprinkled in the trench 

excavated and laid with grounding wire, and then the old soil is backfilled.

6. Borehole deep burial method

This method has been reported abroad for a long time, and has achieved good results in practical use. In recent years, China has also begun to use this

new method of resistance reduction. The length of the vertical grounding body used in this method is generally 5~10m depending on the geological

conditions. If it is longer, the effect will not be obvious and the construction will be difficult. The grounding body usually adopts Φ 20~75mm round steel. 

The influence of round steel with different diameters on the grounding resistance is very small. This method is applicable to crowded buildings or narrow 

areas where grounding grids are laid. In these situations, it is difficult to find the proper position of buried grounding electrode with traditional methods, 

and the safe distance cannot be guaranteed. Although the safety can be ensured by covering the grounding body with asphalt insulating layer, the 

construction workload and installation cost are increased. The deep burial method is the most effective method for sandy soil, because most of its 

sandy layers are in the surface layer within 3m, while the soil resistivity in the deep layer is low. In addition, the method is also applicable to rocky

rock plate areas.

During construction Φ Small manual auger or drilling machine with a diameter of 50mm and above. Buried in the drilled hole Φ 20~75mm round steel 

grounding body, and then filled with carbon mortar (mixed with carbon fiber water slurry) or slurry. Finally, several grounding bodies with the same 

treatment are connected in parallel to form a complete grounding body. The grounding body constructed by this method is less affected by seasons 

and can obtain stable grounding resistance. At the same time, due to the deep burial, the step voltage can also be significantly reduced, which is very

beneficial to the protection of personal safety. This method is convenient in construction, low in cost and remarkable in effect, which will be popularized

and applied.